Embedded Files
20% off -- see the discount code below
Here we describe some of the benefits of the ingredients that we use in our supplement formulas. Click on the abstracts below to reveal additional information. Each section is followed by 2-3 landmark or review papers for further reading. Clicking on their title will take you to PubMed Central reading site.
Ingredients of our not-so-secret sauce
Ingredients of our not-so-secret sauce
NMN Boosts NAD, the agent of vitality
NMN Boosts NAD, the agent of vitality
TL;DR: The vitality of our bodies depends on a multitude of factors, and one of the most important of those factors is a ubiquitous substance NAD (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide), which declines with age. This decline can exacerbate many hallmarks of aging (1-4, 6-9), and hence it is important to keep it in check. NAD can be effectively replenished by consuming building blocks of NAD, such as vitamin B3 (niacin), nicotinamide riboside (NR), or NMN (nicotinamide mononucleotide), as well as exercise and fasting. For boosting NAD levels we use NMN in our formulations.
TL;DR: The vitality of our bodies depends on a multitude of factors, and one of the most important of those factors is a ubiquitous substance NAD (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide), which declines with age. This decline can exacerbate many hallmarks of aging (1-4, 6-9), and hence it is important to keep it in check. NAD can be effectively replenished by consuming building blocks of NAD, such as vitamin B3 (niacin), nicotinamide riboside (NR), or NMN (nicotinamide mononucleotide), as well as exercise and fasting. For boosting NAD levels we use NMN in our formulations.
NAD has been identified as one of the most important targets for longevity. NAD is critical for producing energy in our bodies and also controls enzymes that are key in repairing DNA. Some experts claim that NAD is so vital for all life that no organism would survive without it for longer than 30 seconds. With age, however, this crucial molecule progressively declines, albeit differently in different people. Stress, alcohol, and an unhealthy lifestyle deplete it faster, while an active lifestyle and nutrient restriction can help slow down this decline.
The decline in NAD results in various traits of aging, including loss of vitality, and an increase in the likelihood of aging-related diseases, such as Alzheimer’s, type II diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer. Thus, restoring youthful NAD levels could help prevent or ameliorate these manifestations of old age.
Multiple clinical studies have indeed shown that restoring NAD ameliorates symptoms of many age-related diseases. It has been even shown that replenishment with NAD+ may extend the longevity of many model species.
NMN's effect on hallmarks of aging
Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) has been shown in pre-clinical (and some clinical) trials to ameliorate most of the hallmarks of aging (HoAs). It is naturally produced in cells and used to synthesize nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), a molecule that plays an essential role in the production of energy metabolism and DNA repair. Among the hallmarks of aging affected by NMN are:
Counteracting DNA damage (HoA #1): NMN may help to repair DNA damage by increasing the activity of DNA repair enzymes such as PARP1. By helping to repair DNA damage, NMN may help to reduce the risk of age-related diseases such as cancer.
Fighting telomere shortening (HoA #2): NMN has been shown to increase the activity of telomerase, an enzyme that helps to maintain the length of telomeres. By increasing telomerase activity, NMN may help to slow the shortening of telomeres, which is a hallmark of aging.
Reversing epigenetic alterations (HoA #3). NMN supplementation promotes an anti-aging miRNA expression profile in the aorta of aged mice, predicting epigenetic rejuvenation and anti-atherogenic effects.
Increasing proteostasis (HoA #4): NMN may help to maintain proteostasis by increasing the activity of proteins involved in protein synthesis and degradation.
Improving mitochondrial function (HoA #6,7). NMN alleviates mitochondrial dysfunction in muscles and rescues cellular senescence by the NAD+/Sirt3 pathway in stem cells.
Fighting stem cell loss (HoA #8): NMN has been shown to increase the activity of stem cells in animal studies, potentially helping to maintain their function and enhance tissue repair.
Reducing inflammation (HoA #9): NMN has been shown to have anti-inflammatory effects in animal studies, and it is thought that these effects may be mediated through its ability to increase NAD+ levels.
It is important to note that the evidence for the anti-aging effects of NMN is preliminary as it mostly comes from pre-clinical research, and more clinical trials are needed to fully understand its potential benefits and the mechanisms by which it may target the hallmarks of aging.
Health benefits
Restoring NAD+ levels yield substantial benefits for muscle strength, heart and vasculature health, brain function and cognition, overall metabolism, eyesight, stem cell rejuvenation, and reproductive health to name a few.
Muscles are the biggest organ in our bodies that enables us to move, interact with the environment and maintain balance. With age, however, muscles start losing their cells and strength, a condition called sarcopenia. Recent clinical trials with NMN indicate that by replenishing NAD+, increases muscle strength in elderly men, and thus might be able to reverse sarcopenia. It can also enhance exercise endurance in middle-aged runners and increase blood flow and mitochondrial function in the muscles.
The heart is the only incessantly working muscle in our body, pumping blood to the rest of our organs. Thus, as one can expect, it also benefits from the ingestion of NMN. Researchers identified several ways in which NMN can improve heart function. First, it protects the heart muscle from oxidative damage that reduces NO production, necessary for blood flow control. Second, it protects the heart from lack of oxygen (ischemia), which may occur due to blockage of blood vessels surrounding the heart: NMN has been shown to protect mice from heart failure in mice. In addition, NMN can recover heart function by reducing scarring caused by a heart attack. Finally, NMN improves overall heart metabolism and protects against heart failure, in part by rejuvenating mitochondria.
Blood vessels lose their elasticity as we age, which causes elevated blood pressure that can lead to heart attack or stroke. NMN can increase blood vessel elasticity by helping eliminate senescent cells. Since senescent cells are sources of inflammation, eliminating them NMN can also reduce inflammation.
Brain function declines with age and many older adults suffer from cognitive impairments, such as the inability to learn, remember, and think properly. These age-related cognitive impairments have been prevented by NMN in mice. Alzheimer’s disease, a devastating condition that cripples patients' cognition can also be improved by NMN in animal models of Alzheimer’s: NMN reduces brain plaques and neurodegeneration in rodents.
One of the causes of declining brain function is blood vessels becoming dysfunctional as we age. NMN can increase brain blood flow and improve cognitive function in mice. NMN has also been shown to delay stroke and mitigate stroke damage, and improve cognition and mitochondrial health after stroke in rodents.
Side effects. When supplementing with NAD+ precursors (boosters) one has to be aware of the fact that an increase in NAD+ may result in the accumulation of homocysteine, which in turn might increase the risk of cardiovascular disease. This can be remedied by adding TMG, as in our Vitality Booster formulation. Please, see your doctor if you're experiencing undesirable symptoms.
Drug Interactions. Supplement-drug interactions can be dangerous. Always consult your doctor before supplementing and let them know about all drugs and supplements you are using or considering.
TMG complements NAD boosters
TMG complements NAD boosters
TL;DR: TMG (trimethylglycine), also known as betaine, has been used by athletes as a supplement that improves exercise performance, reduces fatigue, and boosts protein synthesis. Recently it gained renewed attention as a companion supplement for NAD boosters. NAD metabolism depletes methyl groups necessary for many vital functions and can result in the undesirable accumulation of homocysteine. Supplementing with TMG (trimethylglycine) fixes this problem while targeting the hallmarks of aging #5-7 and offering numerous additional health benefits. We add TMG to our Vitality Booster for mitigating theaccumulation of homocysteine.
TL;DR: TMG (trimethylglycine), also known as betaine, has been used by athletes as a supplement that improves exercise performance, reduces fatigue, and boosts protein synthesis. Recently it gained renewed attention as a companion supplement for NAD boosters. NAD metabolism depletes methyl groups necessary for many vital functions and can result in the undesirable accumulation of homocysteine. Supplementing with TMG (trimethylglycine) fixes this problem while targeting the hallmarks of aging #5-7 and offering numerous additional health benefits. We add TMG to our Vitality Booster for mitigating theaccumulation of homocysteine.
TMG/betaine is an amino acid found in various foods including beets, quinoa, and spinach.
Methyl donor. It can offset undesirable methyl group depletion when consuming NAD precursors. The methyl groups are used in methylation critical for many physiological processes, such as the methylation of homocysteine to form methionine. Methionine is used for the synthesis of creatine, which boosts muscle strength levels in athletes.
Improving insulin sensitivity. TMG supplements could improve insulin resistance, a condition that impairs your body’s ability to use the hormone insulin to regulate blood sugar levels.
Heart. Supplementation with NAD precursors results in excess production of homocysteine, an amino acid that has been linked to higher risks of heart disease. Trimethylglycine helps lower the levels of homocysteine and thus reduces the risk of heart disease and strokes by reducing arterial plaque formation by homocysteine.
Muscle. TMG can boost muscle power, and endurance, and promote muscle growth. It can also facilitate fat loss. TMG functions similarly to creatine and stimulates creatine synthesis. This makes TMG a good creatine-support ingredient to fight sarcopenia.
Digestion. TMG has been shown to help improve symptoms in patients with low stomach acidity. Maintaining stomach acidity leads to healthier digestion and efficient nutrient absorption.
Liver. Studies show TMG can help reduce fatty acid accumulation in the liver caused by alcohol and other abuses. Some evidence even indicates that liver damage patients can recover by taking TMG.
Brain. Taking TMG can stimulate the synthesis of phosphatidylcholine which has brain health and cognitive benefits. An increase in TMG levels has been found to correlate with better reaction time, memory, and brain function.
Side effects. In larger quantities, TMG may cause nausea, vomiting, indigestion, and cramps. Please, see your doctor if you're experiencing any of these symptoms.
Drug Interactions. Supplement-drug interactions can be dangerous. Always consult your doctor before supplementing and let them know about all drugs and supplements you are using or considering.
Further reading
Further reading
Fisetin, the ultimate senolytic
Fisetin, the ultimate senolytic
TL;DR: Fisetin is an exciting natural compound that has the potential to extend our lifespan and improve our overall health. Senolytic agents, such as fisetin, can selectively target and eliminate senescent cells, which are believed to be responsible for many of the signs and symptoms of aging. It has been demonstrated to reduce the number of senescent cells in humans. Clinical trials using fisetin on human subjects show that fisetin can reduce inflammation and improve physical function in elderly individuals without causing any significant side effects.
TL;DR: Fisetin is an exciting natural compound that has the potential to extend our lifespan and improve our overall health. Senolytic agents, such as fisetin, can selectively target and eliminate senescent cells, which are believed to be responsible for many of the signs and symptoms of aging. It has been demonstrated to reduce the number of senescent cells in humans. Clinical trials using fisetin on human subjects show that fisetin can reduce inflammation and improve physical function in elderly individuals without causing any significant side effects.
The potential of fisetin to help slow aging and extend a healthy lifespan has sparked great interest. Senescent cells accumulate in the body as we age, causing damage and contributing to age-related diseases. Removing these cells can reduce inflammation, improve physical function and increase lifespan. Fisetin has been demonstrated to be the most effective compound for removing senescent cells without harming healthy ones, extending the life of mice by over 10%. Fisetin also extended the lifespan of yeast by more than 50% and the lifespan of fruit flies by more than 20%.
Additional benefits cognitive benefits. Older rats given fisetin experienced memory and learning improvements. Cell studies revealed that fisetin activates pathways in the brain involved in storing memories. Fisetin can easily cross the blood-brain barrier in mice. This is important as there is an ongoing debate about whether compounds like fisetin can reach high enough levels in the brain to improve its function.
Depression and Anxiety. Fisetin reduced [depression and anxiety in mice by increasing levels of serotonin and noradrenaline neurotransmitters that play key roles in the mood.
Alleviating neurodegenerative diseases. Immune cells in the brain called microglia are overactivated in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease and Huntington’s disease. This causes inflammation and damage to healthy brain cells. In cell studies, fisetin boosted brain antioxidant levels and prevented microglia from releasing inflammatory compounds in response to bacterial toxins.
Alzheimer’s disease involves the buildup of amyloid plaques and tau proteins in the brain. Fisetin reduced levels of tau proteins in brain cells by activating a process that removes these harmful proteins. In mice with amyloid plaques, fisetin improved memory, reduced inflammation, and prevented the loss of brain cell function. in mice with Alzheimer’s, it reduced amyloid plaque buildup and loss of brain cells.
Huntington’s disease is a genetic movement disorder in which brain cells get destroyed. In mice with Huntington’s, fisetin was able to improve declining physical function and increase lifespan.
Cholesterol normalization. Fisetin reduced high total and LDL (bad) cholesterol and triglycerides in rats fed a high-fat diet. In diabetic rats, it doubled HDL (good) cholesterol levels and cut LDL (bad) cholesterol levels in half. A cell study hinted that fisetin reduces cholesterol by causing more of it to be released in the bile. Cell studies show that fisetin prevents immune cells called macrophages from oxidizing and ingesting LDL cholesterol. When macrophages ingest oxidized LDL, they create fatty plaques that harden the arteries and cause heart disease.
Heart health. Fisetin can protect heart cells from oxidative stress and improve heart function in rats. It also protected mitochondrial function in the heart thus reducing heart attack risk. According to animal and cell studies, fisetin may support heart health by reducing high cholesterol levels, improving circulation, and protecting the heart from oxidative stress.
Slowing bone loss. Fisetin can increase bone density and slow down bone loss in mice with low estrogen levels and inflammation. In cells, it worked by reducing the activity of bone-degrading cells.
UV protection. Fisetin can protect collagen from exposure to UV light from the sun. Collagen supports skin structure and elasticity. UV radiation causes skin aging and fisetin and thus can slow it down. It also reduced inflammation and oxidative stress caused by UV rays. Applied to the skin of mice, fisetin prevents the abnormal growth of skin cells, DNA damage, and inflammation caused by UVB rays. It also reduces the formation of wrinkles by boosting skin collagen.
Side effects. Due to limited research, there are no known adverse effects of supplementing with fisetin on the human body as of yet. Fisetin appears to be very safe for animals though: scientists found no evidence of side effects or toxicity in animal studies even at high doses.
Drug Interactions. Supplement-drug interactions can be dangerous. Always consult your doctor before supplementing and let them know about all drugs and supplements you are using or considering.
FIGURE: Benefits of senolytic agents
Further reading
Further reading
Berberine, "best kept secret" for longevity?
Berberine, "best kept secret" for longevity?
TL;DR: Berberine is considered by some experts as a non-prescription analogue of metformin. Metformin, a drug that has been routinely prescribed to diabetes II patients for over 60 years and deemed very safe, has recently received renewed interest as a potential longevity drug. It has been shown to reduce all-cause mortality and diseases of ageing in diabetics even when compared to healthy population. Berberine targets the same mechanisms as metformin and has even been hailed as superior to metformin in terms of its beneficial action.
TL;DR: Berberine is considered by some experts as a non-prescription analogue of metformin. Metformin, a drug that has been routinely prescribed to diabetes II patients for over 60 years and deemed very safe, has recently received renewed interest as a potential longevity drug. It has been shown to reduce all-cause mortality and diseases of ageing in diabetics even when compared to healthy population. Berberine targets the same mechanisms as metformin and has even been hailed as superior to metformin in terms of its beneficial action.
Back in 2017 experts proposed that metformin might be the very first official drug for longevity as until then all drugs were only meant to address various diseases. Their decision was based on both extensive scientific evidence from preclinical research (mostly with mice and other species) that metformin extends lifespan but also from preliminary studies in diabetic patient populations that suggested that metformin may slow aging and increase life expectancy by improving the body’s responsiveness to insulin, antioxidant effects, and improving blood vessel health.
Several key properties of berberine are very similar to those of metformin: 1) the hypoglycemic effect of berberine is comparable to that of metformin; 2) berberine has similar beneficial effects on blood cholesterol (lowering triglycerides and LDL cholesterol and increasing HDL cholesterol), but berberine showed substantially greater beneficial effect as compared to metformin; 3) berberine extended residual lifespan by over 16% (84% in terms of the remaining expected life span the increase was 84%) in mice (compared to 4% lifespan extension by metformin).
Berberine has many additional beneficial effects Inside the cells, as it binds to several different molecular targets and can control some critical biological functions: berberine can activate an enzyme AMPK (AMP-activated protein kinase), a so-called “metabolic master switch”. AMPK is responsible for maintaining energy balance in cells, balancing blood sugar levels, body fat composition, and energy level: Activating AMPK lowers blood glucose levels, normalizes blood lipid levels, and improves energy and may even affect which genes are turned on or off. Moreover, berberine activates the Nrf2 switch, which triggers the production of powerful antioxidants that protect cells from oxidative damage.
Specifically, preclinical research indicates that berberine can target the following hallmarks of aging: (6) mitochondrial dysfunction by upregulating SIRT1 (Ref), (7) cellular senescence in the heart through the regulation of cell cycle inhibitors (Ref), and (9) reduces inflammation through AMPK and Nrf2 activation (Ref; also see new hallmarks of aging below).
Additional Benefits:
Decreases insulin resistance, making the blood sugar-lowering hormone insulin more effective.
Brain health. Berberine increases the production of neurotransmitters, which are molecules that are secreted by a neuron and act in signaling another cell. It is believed that increased production of neurotransmitters will delay the progression of dementia.
Blood pressure. Hypertension is one of the significant risk factors for stroke. Berberine reduces the risk of stroke by lowering triglycerides, total cholesterol, and LDL levels in the blood. Lowering these compounds also reduce blood pressure levels.
Depression. Rat studies show that it may help fight depression.
Cancer. Berberine reduces the risk of colon cancer by increasing the population of good bacteria in the gut. These good bacteria improve the integrity of the gut. In addition, Berberine also degrades a compound (ß-catenin) that can trigger the development of colon cancer.
Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory: It has been shown to have potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects in some studies.
Infections. It has been shown to fight harmful microorganisms, including Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Vibrio, Klebsiella, Cryptococcus sp., Shigella, Pseudomonas, Proteus, and Clostridium. In addition, Berberine does not affect the population of good bacteria in the gut while inhibiting the overgrowth of E. coli, the bacteria that cause diarrhea.
Heart failure. One study showed that it drastically improved symptoms and reduced the risk of death in heart failure patients.
Side effects.
Since berberine can quickly reduce glucose levels in the blood, it can trigger hypoglycemia. While berberine is very safe when used for up to 3-4 months, long-term use of large doses can upset microflora in the gut which may result in indigestion, bloating, etc. Please, see your doctor if you're experiencing any of the side effects.
Drug Interactions. Supplement-drug interactions can be dangerous. Always consult your doctor before supplementing and let them know about all drugs and supplements you are using or considering.
FIGURE: Antiaging effects of metformin on different cellular pathways. Berberine acts similarly.
Ginger for longevity
Ginger for longevity
TL;DR: Ginger is one of the most popular spices and foods that also can bring many diverse benefits. Gingerol, found in ginger, is an anti-inflammatory and antioxidant agent, thus it can reduce oxidative stress. It has been successfully used for weight loss, alleviating osteoarthritis, lowering blood sugar, reducing bad (LDL) cholesterol levels, helping fight bacterial infections, and protecting the aging brain. It has also been shown to possess anti-cancer properties. A recent study found that another active ingredient of ginger, gingerenone A, can also act as a powerful senolytic (see about Fisetin).
TL;DR: Ginger is one of the most popular spices and foods that also can bring many diverse benefits. Gingerol, found in ginger, is an anti-inflammatory and antioxidant agent, thus it can reduce oxidative stress. It has been successfully used for weight loss, alleviating osteoarthritis, lowering blood sugar, reducing bad (LDL) cholesterol levels, helping fight bacterial infections, and protecting the aging brain. It has also been shown to possess anti-cancer properties. A recent study found that another active ingredient of ginger, gingerenone A, can also act as a powerful senolytic (see about Fisetin).
The most important bioactive compound in ginger, 6-gingerol, is responsible for many of ginger’s beneficial properties. Gingerol has powerful anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, according to research. For instance, it may help reduce oxidative stress, which is the result of having an excess amount of free radicals in the body. It also shows a strong senolytic effect helping eliminate senescent cells (that can't divide anymore). 6-gingerol activates AMPK, and SIRT1,6 and results in attenuation of the inflammatory molecule production, and induces a substantial hypoglycemic effect.
Conclusion: Gingerol can effectively target the following hallmarks of aging: (1) improves genomic stability via activation of SIRT6, (5) improves nutrient-sensing and metabolic syndrome, (6) improves the function and stimulates thermogenesis in mitochondria, (7) addresses cellular senescence via senolytic action, (8) protects stem cells, and (9) ameliorates altered intercellular communication by reducing inflammation.
Other benefits ginger supplementation can significantly reduce body weight, waist-hip ratio, and hip ratio in people with overweight or obesity.
Supports Digestion. Ginger has long been used as a digestive aid, as it helps to relax the intestinal tract and speed up digestion. It can also help reduce nausea, bloating, and indigestion.
Reduces Pain and Inflammation. Ginger contains powerful anti-inflammatory agents that can reduce pain from arthritis, muscle soreness, and other conditions.
Prevents Cold & Flu Symptoms. The antioxidants in ginger can help boost the immune system and protect against colds or flu. It is also known to help reduce congestion and other symptoms associated with colds or flu.
Promotes Heart Health. Studies have shown that ginger can help lower cholesterol levels, protect against blood clots and improve circulation. All of these factors can contribute to a healthy heart.
Regulates Blood Sugar Levels. Ginger has been shown to help regulate blood sugar levels by slowing down digestion and reducing the absorption of sugar in the stomach.
Relieves Stress & Anxiety. Studies have found that ginger can act as a mild sedative, helping reduce stress and anxiety levels in people who consume it regularly.
Boosts Brain Function. Ginger may also improve cognitive performance by increasing blood flow to the brain, which helps improve memory, focus, concentration, and overall mental clarity.
Side effects. Please, see your doctor if you're experiencing any of the side effects.
Drug Interactions. Supplement-drug interactions can be dangerous. Always consult your doctor before supplementing and let them know about all drugs and supplements you are using or considering.
Pterostilbene, better than resveratrol!
Pterostilbene, better than resveratrol!
TL;DR: Pterostilbene is a polyphenol that has been shown to have a wide range of health benefits, from anti-aging to anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory effects. It works by activating certain proteins in the body, known as sirtuins, which can help regulate cellular processes. It may also act as an antioxidant, protecting cells from damage caused by free radicals. Pterostilbene may also help improve cholesterol levels and blood sugar control, as well as improve cognitive function.
TL;DR: Pterostilbene is a polyphenol that has been shown to have a wide range of health benefits, from anti-aging to anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory effects. It works by activating certain proteins in the body, known as sirtuins, which can help regulate cellular processes. It may also act as an antioxidant, protecting cells from damage caused by free radicals. Pterostilbene may also help improve cholesterol levels and blood sugar control, as well as improve cognitive function.
Pterostilbene is an analog of resveratrol from blueberries that possess antiaging properties very similar to those of resveratrol. It has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antitumor effects and can prevent skin aging. Pterostilbene has 4 times better bioavailability than resveratrol and is retained in the body for much longer thus promising greater benefits.
Pterostilbene is an analog of resveratrol from blueberries that possess antiaging properties very similar to those of resveratrol. It has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antitumor effects and can prevent skin aging. Pterostilbene has 4 times better bioavailability than resveratrol and is retained in the body for much longer thus promising greater benefits.
Pterostilbene is an antioxidant found naturally in vegetables and fruits like blueberries. This powerful substance has been linked to extended lifespan, reduced inflammation, improved DNA repair, and improved brain functioning.
The antiaging effects of pterostilbene and the effects of pterostilbene on age-related diseases are proposed to be mediated by activating SIRT1 and Nrf2 and suppressing NF-κB, reducing inflammatory cytokines and inhibiting free radicals.
The longevity benefits of pterostilbene first and foremost include anti-inflammatory action. It can reduce inflammaging (low-grade, aging-related inflammation) by various mechanisms, like by inhibiting COX (cyclooxygenase) enzymes which produce inflammatory compounds.
Pterostilbene has also been shown to help reduce damage from free radicals through the direct antioxidant effects along with increasing the production of antioxidant enzymes in cells (like glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase) which can safeguard against oxidative damage.
In conclusion, pterostilbene can be a beneficial supplement for anyone looking to protect their body against the effects of aging.
Other Benefits
The published research on pterostilbene has created a great deal of enthusiasm because of the substantial benefits that it can potentially bring, such as acting as a pain reliever, and balancing blood sugar levels, in addition to aiding in weight loss and safeguarding the heart and brain. Nevertheless, despite all the enthusiasm, human research on this substance is still quite scarce.
Heart Health. Pterostilbene is believed to protect from heart disease through its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Animal studies have found that pterostilbene can protect the heart from damage, even in cases of acute heart failure or post-heart attack, and lower blood pressure in preliminary human trials. Further research needs to be done to determine if pterostilbene can offer similar heart benefits as other natural compounds such as CoQ10, carnitine, and garlic extract.
Pain-Relieving Effects. The potential of pterostilbene as a treatment for pain and inflammation is backed up by its anti-inflammatory properties, though human trials are yet to be conducted. Animal studies have generally shown that it has pain-relieving abilities; for example, a study of rats with arthritis found that it reduced swelling and inflammation. Furthermore, it improves gut flora composition and reduces the number of bacteria in the digestive tract, which may also contribute to decreasing inflammation.
Balancing Blood Sugar. Research into pterostilbene's potential to treat diabetes is promising. Results of animal studies have been encouraging, showing that it can lower blood sugar levels and provide protection from several diabetes-related complications, including kidney damage and hearing loss. To evaluate its efficacy in humans, however, clinical trials need to be conducted. Other natural compounds such as cinnamon, berberine, and hibiscus have already demonstrated positive results in treating diabetes.
Anti-Obesity Effects. The prevalence of obesity is increasing rapidly around the world, affecting people of all ages. While diet and exercise are often seen as the primary solutions, other methods may be necessary to tackle this epidemic. Preliminary research suggests that pterostilbene could be a helpful component of this effort. Animal studies have shown that it can increase brown adipose tissue's calorie-burning capabilities, as well as facilitate the transformation of white adipose tissue into a more metabolically active form.
Pterostilbene's ability to block fat cell replication and absorption into white adipose tissue, combined with its anti-inflammatory effects, may help fight obesity. Its effects on rebalancing gut flora have been observed in animal studies, leading to a correction of the imbalances seen in overweight animals.
Neuroprotective Effects. As the population grows older so does the prevalence of Alzheimer's disease. Unfortunately, there is no cure available yet. Patients experience a gradual decline in memory and ability, leading to disability and death. That is why researchers have been looking for alternative treatments. Studies have indicated that acetyl-L-carnitine, fish oil, and citicoline supplements may be useful in preventing or treating dementia.
Additionally, pterostilbene appears to be beneficial in reversing age-related cognitive decline in aged rats. This supplement has been shown to increase acetylcholine levels which is important for combating dementia; other animal studies have also confirmed these findings with improvements in memory performance and inflammation reduction. Resveratrol was not effective in the same animal model while pterostilbene was successful.
Side effects. Pterostilbene is considered safe and has no significant side effects up to a dose of 250 mg per day. It has been observed that some individuals may have increased levels of LDL cholesterol when taking pterostilbene, but this effect can be negated by supplementing with grape seed extract. However, as there are no studies on the safety of pterostilbene for children or pregnant or breastfeeding women, caution should be exercised if taking it in higher doses. Please, see your doctor if you're experiencing any side effects.
Drug Interactions. Supplement-drug interactions can be dangerous. Always consult your doctor before supplementing and let them know about all drugs and supplements you are using or considering.
FIGURE: Antiaging effects of pterostilbene on different cellular pathways.
C3G for SIRTUIN activation
C3G for SIRTUIN activation
TL;DR: C3G (cyanidin-3-glucoside), a type of anthocyanin, is a naturally occurring compound found in fruits, vegetables, and grains. Studies have shown that C3G may affect sirtuins, which are proteins that help regulate metabolism and aging. C3G appears to activate certain sirtuins, including SIRT1 and SIRT6, which can lead to increased metabolic activity and improved cellular health. Extracts of anthocyanins can also increase the activity of proteins related to fat burning in fat tissues.
TL;DR: C3G (cyanidin-3-glucoside), a type of anthocyanin, is a naturally occurring compound found in fruits, vegetables, and grains. Studies have shown that C3G may affect sirtuins, which are proteins that help regulate metabolism and aging. C3G appears to activate certain sirtuins, including SIRT1 and SIRT6, which can lead to increased metabolic activity and improved cellular health. Extracts of anthocyanins can also increase the activity of proteins related to fat burning in fat tissues.
C3G has been shown to activate sirtuins. Specifically, C3G activates SIRT1 and SIRT6. Activation of SIRT1 is associated with increased cellular stress resistance, enhanced metabolic rate, and increased lifespan in animal models. Activation of SIRT6 is associated with improved cellular health, reduced levels of oxidative stress, and improved longevity in animal models. While both sirtuins are activated by C3G, the effects on longevity may differ depending on the specific sirtuin being activated.
Other C3G benefits include Diabetes and Obesity. Cyanidin 3-glucoside (C3G) has been shown to reduce fat tissue and cells in diabetic mice with high blood fat levels: Cyanidin 3-glucoside (C3g) has been shown to increase fat cell differentiation, resulting in reduced fat tissue and cells in diabetic mice with high blood fat levels. This can help improve overall blood sugar control in people with diabetes. C3G has also been seen to reduce leptin levels, causing weight gain reduction. It further enhances the production of ATP, inducing transformative on of white adipose to brown adipose tissue for improved metabolic activity. Studies have also indicated that C3G improves survival rates of cancer and mimics life-extending benefits seen in calorie-restriction diets.
Reducing insulin resistance. C3G has been observed to decrease fasting blood glucose levels and insulin resistance, as well as increase insulin secretion and decrease postprandial blood glucose levels compared to untreated groups. This suggests it may be a helpful supplement for people with diabetes.
Lowered cholesterol levels and increased HDL cholesterol in rats: C3g has been found to reduce cholesterol levels and increase HDL (good) cholesterol levels in rats fed a high-cholesterol diet. This could potentially help improve heart health.
Side effects. High-dose polyphenol supplements have been linked to negative health effects in animal studies, including damage to the kidneys and an imbalance of thyroid hormones. Additionally, these supplements may interact with medications and reduce the absorption of certain nutrients. Consult your doctor before increasing your dose beyond the one recommended.
Drug Interactions. Supplement-drug interactions can be dangerous. Always consult your doctor before supplementing and let them know about all drugs and supplements you are using or considering.
NAC, a precursor to a key antioxidant, glutathione
NAC, a precursor to a key antioxidant, glutathione
TL;DR: NAC, or N-acetyl-cysteine, is an antioxidant with anti-aging benefits. NAC supports the production of glutathione, a powerful antioxidant that helps protect against cell damage and aging. It has been shown to help protect cells from oxidative damage and reduce inflammation. NAC is also known to help the body detoxify harmful substances, such as heavy metals, which can contribute to aging. Finally, NAC may also help improve skin health by increasing collagen production and reducing wrinkles.
TL;DR: NAC, or N-acetyl-cysteine, is an antioxidant with anti-aging benefits. NAC supports the production of glutathione, a powerful antioxidant that helps protect against cell damage and aging. It has been shown to help protect cells from oxidative damage and reduce inflammation. NAC is also known to help the body detoxify harmful substances, such as heavy metals, which can contribute to aging. Finally, NAC may also help improve skin health by increasing collagen production and reducing wrinkles.
NAC recently received quite a bit of publicity as a remedy that can reduce both the severity and duration of COVID-19 symptoms.
Glutathione is involved in many body processes, including tissue building and repair, making chemicals and proteins needed in the body, and immune system function. People use it to reduce
Other Benefits
Detoxification. NAC is very important for detoxification in the body. It is a beneficial supplement because it can prevent negative side effects from taking drugs or being exposed to toxins. Doctors often give intravenous NAC to people who have overdosed on acetaminophen to reduce the risk of kidney and liver damage. Additionally, due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, NAC is also used as a treatment for other problems related to the liver.
Reducing heart disease risk. Heart disease is a serious condition that is often caused by oxidative damage to heart tissues, resulting in strokes, heart attacks, and other health issues. NAC has been known to reduce the risk of such diseases by reducing oxidative harm to the heart and increasing nitric oxide production which allows for improved blood flow. In a test-tube study that combined NAC with green tea, it was observed to reduce damage from oxidized LDL cholesterol which further decreases one's risk of developing heart disease.
Improves fertility. Approximately 15% of couples trying to conceive are affected by infertility, with male infertility being the primary contributing factor in nearly half of those cases. This is often due to an insufficient number of antioxidants in the reproductive system, which can cause cell death and decreased fertility. Studies have shown that NAC supplementation can improve fertility in men with varicocele (29Trusted Source) and other issues. Researchers suggest that this combined supplement may be a viable treatment option for male infertility. Additionally, NAC has been shown to improve fertility in women with PCOS, although further research is needed.
Improves respiratory function. NAC supplements have been found to improve symptoms of respiratory conditions by acting as an antioxidant and expectorant, thinning mucus in the air passageways. It helps to replenish glutathione levels in the lungs and reduce inflammation of the bronchial tubes and lung tissue, which can help those suffering from COPD or chronic bronchitis. Studies have shown that taking 600mg twice a day can significantly improve lung function and symptoms in those with stable COPD, with higher doses being more effective. Furthermore, NAC may also be beneficial for other lung and respiratory tract conditions such as cystic fibrosis, asthma, and pulmonary fibrosis, as well as providing relief from nasal and sinus congestion due to allergies or infections.
Fighting hyperglycemia. Research in animals shows that NAC may help to stabilize blood sugar levels by reducing inflammation in fat cells and improving insulin resistance. This can help to keep insulin receptors intact and functioning to properly remove sugar from the bloodstream. Further studies in humans are necessary to confirm these results.
Brain function. NAC has the potential to regulate glutamate, a major neurotransmitter in the brain that is essential for normal functioning. But if there is an excess of glutamate and glutathione is depleted, this may lead to brain damage and could consequently be linked to mental health problems, such as bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, OCD, and substance use disorder. Regarding bipolar disorder and depression, NAC may be able to reduce symptoms and improve overall functioning. Additionally, research suggests that it may be useful in managing moderate to severe OCD. In an animal study, it has been observed that NAC may reduce certain symptoms associated with schizophrenia like social withdrawal, apathy, and reduced attention spans.
Research suggests that NAC may be beneficial in the treatment of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. Studies on animals have shown that it could potentially slow down the decline of cognitive abilities in those with Alzheimer’s, while it appears to improve dopamine function and reduce symptoms associated with Parkinson's.
Furthermore, preliminary studies point out that NAC might help lessen marijuana and nicotine use as well as cravings. People affected by these conditions often don't have many treatment options available to them; however, NAC may prove to be beneficial. Nevertheless, more research is necessary since most of the studies done on this topic are rather old.
Side effects. Adults can usually safely take NAC when prescribed by a doctor, although high doses may lead to nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and constipation. Inhaling can cause swelling in the mouth, runny nose, drowsiness, and chest tightness. People with bleeding disorders or taking blood thinning medications should avoid NAC as it may impede clotting. Furthermore, its unpleasant smell makes it difficult to consume. Please, see your doctor if you're experiencing any of these symptoms.
Drug Interactions. Supplement-drug interactions can be dangerous. Always consult your doctor before supplementing and let them know about all drugs and supplements you are using or considering.
Further reading
Further reading
L-Serine complements NAC for glutathione production
L-Serine complements NAC for glutathione production
TL;DR: L-Serine, like NAC is a precursor to glutathione, so taking it together with NAC may increase glutathione synthesis. In addition, it has some very desirable benefits especially for the nervous system and the brain.
TL;DR: L-Serine, like NAC is a precursor to glutathione, so taking it together with NAC may increase glutathione synthesis. In addition, it has some very desirable benefits especially for the nervous system and the brain.
L-Serine is a nonessential amino acid that has a significant and diverse role in the body. From creating proteins, DNA, and cell membranes to being used in research to treat brain diseases, the benefits of serine are vast. Serine is a powerful tool for improving overall health and well-being. A key function of L-serine is contributing to the synthesis of a fundamental antioxidant, glutathione which is depleted with age. This function is the reason for including it amongst our nutraceuticals.
Additional benefits
Brain Function. L-serine supports brain function in several ways. It plays a vital role in the synthesis of phosphatidylserine, a component of neurons in the brain, and it’s known to have a critical role as a neuromodulator in the brain. L-serine is essential for the synthesis of phosphatidylserine, a type of lipid, critical for memory and cognition.
Helps Relieve Stress. Serine is used in the production of the amino acid tryptophan which in turn is used to make serotonin, a "good mood" neurotransmitter that occurs naturally within our bodies. Serum serotonin levels also correlate with mental health status. Because serine is crucial for the production of tryptophan and serotonin, maintaining normal levels may help relieve symptoms of stress.
Improves Sleep. Studies conducted in Japan found that taking L-serine before going to bed may improve sleep initiation and sleep maintenance.
Immune System. Amino acids are needed for the regulation of the body’s immune system. Serine plays a role in the production of immunoglobulins and antibodies that are used by the immune system.
Side effects. Please, see your doctor if you're experiencing any of the side effects.
Drug Interactions. Supplement-drug interactions can be dangerous. Always consult your doctor before supplementing and let them know about all drugs and supplements you are using or considering.
Piperine, a bioavailability agent with benefits
Piperine, a bioavailability agent with benefits
Black pepper is a common kitchen spice, and its spicy component, piperine, carries numerous health benefits. Not only does it possess anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, but it is also being studied for potential therapeutic uses in the management of diseases such as epilepsy, diabetes, and Parkinson's disease. Additionally, it has been known to stimulate metabolism and weight loss, improve cholesterol levels, boost brain function, and reduce pain. Furthermore, piperine has been incorporated into various dietary supplements due to its capability to enhance nutrient bioavailability and modify supplement and drug metabolism.
Black pepper is a common kitchen spice, and its spicy component, piperine, carries numerous health benefits. Not only does it possess anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, but it is also being studied for potential therapeutic uses in the management of diseases such as epilepsy, diabetes, and Parkinson's disease. Additionally, it has been known to stimulate metabolism and weight loss, improve cholesterol levels, boost brain function, and reduce pain. Furthermore, piperine has been incorporated into various dietary supplements due to its capability to enhance nutrient bioavailability and modify supplement and drug metabolism.
When taken with certain dietary supplements, piperine can significantly boost their absorption and bioavailability. Clinical studies have demonstrated that adding 5 mg of piperine to 120 mg of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) for two weeks increases the blood level of CoQ10 by 30 percent. It has also been observed that the addition of piperine in beta-carotene, vitamin B6, and selenium supplements yields a similar result. The most common application of piperine is as an additive to curcumin supplements, as it has been observed to increase their bioavailability by up to 20 times.
Drug Interactions. The same processes, stimulated by piperine, that improve the bioavailability of supplements can lead to undesirable effects on drugs. Piperine has been known to interfere with various medications, including beta blockers, barbiturates, theophylline, and sildenafil (Viagra). This could lead to increased toxicity levels and undesirable side effects. While this is a potential downside, piperine could also theoretically be used to increase the effectiveness of these drugs by allowing for lower dosing. Consult your doctor before supplementing and let them know about all drugs and supplements you are using or considering.
Our formulations
Our formulations
Coming soon
Disclaimer: No information on this website can be construed as medical advise and is intended to be used only as an informational and educational resource. Consult your doctor before considering any of the supplements available through this site.
Google Sites
Report abuse